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Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease

IJTID
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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 20851103 EISSN : 23560991 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and elimination. The journal is intended for scientists, clinicians, and professionals in infectious diseases and related sciences. We welcome contributions from infectious disease specialists in academia, industry, clinical practice, public health, and pharmacy, as well as from specialists in economics, social sciences and other disciplines.

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Articles 6 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 7 No. 4 (2019)" : 6 Documents clear

PREVALENCE OF TRICHOMONIASIS IN ASYMPTOMATIC PREGNANT WOMEN POPULATION IN BANDUNG, WEST JAVA, INDONESIA Pati Aji Achdiat; Reiva Farah Dwiyana; Vina Feriza; Rasmia Rowawi; Rendy Ariezal Effendi; Oki Suwarsa; Hendra Gunawan
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

About 81% of pregnant women with trichomoniasis are asymptomatic, while trichomoniasis in pregnant women can increase the risk of complications, include premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, and babies with low birth weight. Trichomoniasis can also increase the risk of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. Trichomoniasis case in pregnant women could be influenced by demographic characteristics,, the sexual behavior, and also the diagnostic method used. Until now, there is no data about prevalence of trichomoniasis in pregnant women in Indonesia. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of trichomoniasis in pregnant women in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in December 2016 until January 2017. The study participants were 50 pregnant women who visit antenatal care to Obstetric and Gynecology Clinic of ’Rumah Sakit Khusus Ibu dan Anak Kota Bandung’, and meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, through consecutive sampling. The study participants had a history taking, venereological examination, and Trichomonas rapid test from vaginal swabs. Trichomoniasis in this study was diagnosed based on Trichomonas rapid test, a test that uses color immunochromatographic, capillary flow, dipstick technology, and has high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing trichomoniasis. Almost all participants in this study were low risk pregnant women to have STI based on demographic characteristics and sexual behaviour. The positive Trichomonas rapid test result was found from one of 50 study participants. In conclusion, prevalence of trichomoniasis in pregnant women in Bandung was 2%. Trichomoniasis case in low-risk pregnant women population is still found.

LEPROSY AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS COINFECTION: A RARE CASE REPORT eva lydiawati; Chukmol Sirithida; Sou Vannda; Hak Vortey; Heng Ratana; M. Yulianto Listiawan; Indropo Agusni
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Leprosy, or Hansen disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae which is associated with inflammation that may damage the skin and the peripheral nerves. Leprosy remains an important public health problem in Southeast Asia, America, and Africa. It has been speculated that, as with TB, HIV infection may exacerbate leprosy lesions and/or lead to increased susceptibility to leprosy. We report the case of leprosy and HIV co-infection and reveals its clinical manifestation. A 34-year-old female came to outpatient clinic complaining of rednessplaque on her face of 2-months duration. It was also accompanied with thick sensation but without itchy or burning sensation. We found thick erythematous plaque with sharp margin and hypoesthesia on her face and body. There were no madarosis, saddle nose, lagophthalmos, nor sign of neuritis. The slit-skin smear revealed BI 1+ globi and MI 2%. From laboratory examination we found CBC was within normal limit, IgM anti PGL-1 titer was 1265 u/mL and IgG anti PGL-1 was 834 u/mL Both histological examination on her ear lobe and extremity revealed that was similar to the lesion of leprosy. The detection of HIV antibody was positive with CD4 count on 325 cells/μL. We treat her with MDT for MB leprosy along with ART (Tenofovir, Lamivudine, and Efavirenz). After 6-months follow-up we observed no progression of the lesions though the slit-skin smear after completing 6 months of therapy become negative. M. leprae does not seem to accelerate the decline of immune function when associated with HIV infection. HIV infection does not seem to affect the clinical classification and progression of leprosy. Treatment of the HIV-leprosy co-infected patient consists of the combination of ARTs and anti-leprosy agents. So that, the treatment of leprosy and HIV co-infection does not differ from that of a seronegative leprosy patient.

EFFECT OF AFRICAN LEAF (VERNONIA AMYGDALINA) TO IL-6 AND IL-10 LEVEL ON STAPHYLOCOCCUC AUREUS INFECTION Lidwina Tri Kristanti Setiawan; Jusak Nugraha; Pudji Lestari; Restry Sinansari; Lisa Soegianto; Wahyu Dewi Tamayanti; Luh Putu Trys Monika Handayani; Stephanie Beatrix
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Currently, infectious disease is increase in world wide. The African leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) – VA is used to antimicrobial treatment. It may protect the host against microbial attack in several ways. This plant has attracted the interest of researchers in recent decades because of the constituents have important roles in modulating immune system in bacteria infection. The aim of study is to analyze the prophylactic activity of VA’s ethanol extract in modulating the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 as well as the number of bacteria in male Wistar rats that were (Staphylococcus aureus) – SA – infected. There were as many as 30 rats were divided into 5 treatment groups: negative control (NC) was treated by CMC Na 2% (w/v); positive control (PC) was treated by 9mg/200g body weight (BW) of cephadroxil; T1; T2; and T3 were respectively treated with ethanol extract of VA of doses 20mg/200g BW; 40mg/200g BW and 80mg/200g BW. After the oral treatment was administered, all the rats were infected with 0.25mL (3x108cfu) SA via intra peritoneal route. Their blood was drawn in order to identify the IL-6 and IL-10 levels by ELISA. Furthermore, their peritoneal fluid was also taken to count the number of survived bacteria by pour plate method. The results are showed median of IL-6 and IL-10 levels as well as bacterial number respectively in NC 370.530pg/mL; 67.044pg/mL; 7.4x103cfu/mL; in PC 234.556pg/mL; 42.839pg/mL; 6.8x103cfu/mL,; in T1 164.019pg/mL; 17.240pg/mL; 1.1x104cfu/mL; in T2 49.291pg/mL; 2.961 pg/mL; 6.3x103cfu/mL and in T3 43.342pg/mL; 13.235pg/mL; 7.1x103cfu/mL. These results are implied that VA’s ethanol extract is effective as a prophylactic agent to suppress the bacterial invasion at dose of 40mg/200g BW in Wistar rat particularly shown by the decrease level of IL-6 and the number of bacteria.

PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN TUBERCULOSIS PATIENT AT PATRANG DISTRICT INDONESIA Hasri Yulia Sasmita; Irma Prasetyowati; Pudjo Wahjudi
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of cause of death in infectious disease domain. The control of TB is complicated because the inclination of case numbers people with Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an important risk factor for TB development, with prove that more than ten percent of TB patient is DM patient. People with DM have risk three times more likely to suffer from TB than people without DM. The results of TB treatment with comorbid DM will be easier to be failed. Puskesmas Patrang have the highest bacteriologically confirmed BTA TB cases and DM cases in Jember during 2014 until 2016. The aim of this research is to know the DM prevalence in TB patients and to analyze the correlation between DM risk factors in TB patient to TB-DM incidence at Puskesmas Patrang Jember in 2017. The research uses observasional analytic with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling with 47 samples. The independent variables include respondent characteristics (age, sex, type of TB, medication category, and family history of DM), central obesity and smoking behavior. While the dependent variable is the DM status. The result shows that the prevelance of DM in TB patients at Puskesmas Patrang Jember regency is 23,4%. Factors associated with TB-DM are age (p-value = 0,012), family history of DM (p-value = 0,003), and smoking status (p-value = 0,035). Factors that do not associated with TB-DM are sex (p-value = 0,731), type of TB (p-value = 0,170), treatment category of TB (p-value = 0,560), central obesity (p-value = 0,435), the number of cigarette (p-value = 1,000) and smoking duration (p-value = 1,000). The most important factor of TB-DM is family history of DM that 10,850 times higher of getting TB-DM than patients without family history of DM.

PREVALENCE OF SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHIASIS AMONG ELEMENTARY CHILDREN IN SORONG DISTRICT, WEST PAPUA Natalia Yuwono; Dominicus Husada; Sukmawati Basuki
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Soil transmitted helminthiasis are common in the world and cause illness, especially in developing countries. It can cause infection in humans by contact with parasitic eggs or larvae that live in moist and warm soil. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis is often caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale, and Necator americanus. In Indonesia, Soil transmitted helminthiasis prevalence is still high in some places. The tropical climate and high humidity support for the development of worms like in Sorong District, but there was no data. The purpose of this study is to identify the presece of Soil transmitted helminthiasis in primary school children in Sorong District. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two elementary schools located in Sorong District, West Papua, Indonesia. The two elementary schools are SDN 22 in Klain village and SD Inpres 24 in sub-district Mayamuk. Once collected, the pot that has contained stool is given formalin 10%. Stool examinattion using direct smear method to determine the presence of soil transmitted helminthiasis. Researchers get the subject as many as 147 children. The proportion of elementary school children by sex consists of 72 boys (49%) and 75 girls (51%). The prevalence of Soil transmitted helminthiasis as a whole was 30.6% (45/147) with 40.1% (18/45) single infections and 59.9% (27/45) mixed infections. The single infection that most frequent is Trichuris trichiura, then followed by Ascaris lumbricoides. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis mostly found in girl than boy and mostly found in 6-9 years age group. The worm species that infect elementary school children in the district is Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm, and Strongyloides stercoralis. This is probably related with the climate and low sanitation level. To eliminate soil transmitted helminthiasis among elementary school children, in addition to routine treatment also needs intensive counseling about the importance of maintaining personal hygiene and the environment.

EXPRESSION OF FOUR CYTOKINE/CHEMOKINE GENES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS INFECTED WITH DENGUE VIRUS Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni; Usman Hadi; Kuntaman Kuntaman; Benediktus Yohan; Nur Ita Margyaningsih; R Tedjo Sasmono
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Overproduction of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines, during dengue virus (DENV) infection, has been related to plasma leakage in the vascular endothelium and studied elsewhere with conflicting results. The current study objective is to evaluate the expression of four cytokine/chemokine genes following DENV-2 infection within peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from a healthy donor. Venous blood was drawn, and PBMCs were isolated using Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. Cells were maintained in culture medium and infected with Indonesian isolate of DENV-2. Cells were harvested and followed by total RNA extraction and reverse-transcription into cDNA using oligo d(T) primers and Reverse Transcriptase enzyme system. The SYBR Green-based quantitative qRT-PCR was used to calculate the relative expression of IL-6, IL-8, IP-10 and MIP-1β- encoding genes during infection time points, compared to uninfected cell controls. The observation of the cytokine was on the 6 and 18 hours post-infection. The different expression profiles of cytokines/chemokines were observed. The up-regulation of gene expression was observed for IL-8 and IP-10. In contrast, the down-regulatory of IL-6 and MIP-1β genes expression was documented during the infection period. The cytokine IL-8 and IP-10 are potent chemoattractants in the recruitment of neutrophil, basophil, and lymphocytes in response to an infection. The highlight of this study is on the up-regulation of IL-8 and IP-10 genes expression which may confirm the roles of these chemokines in the pathogenesis of dengue infection.

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